Greek professional basketball clubs have played in European-wide competitions since the 1957–58 season, when Panellinios took part in the European top-tier level FIBA European Champions Cup (now called EuroLeague). Basketball was the first team sport in which Greek teams won a European-wide competition. AEK won the 2nd-tier level FIBA European Cup Winners' Cup in the 1967–68 season, when they beat Slavia VŠ Praha in the final that took place in Athens.
Nevertheless, Greek basketball was actually mainly boosted following the gold medal-winning triumph at the 1987 EuroBasket, by the senior men's Greek National Team. In the following decades, Greek teams have dominated in European-wide professional club basketball, winning many trophies in continental competitions. Greek basketball clubs have won eighteen European-wide titles in totality.
Greek basketball clubs have also been runners-up in European continental-wide competition eleven times. Greek teams have won the European first-tier level competition, the EuroLeague, a total of nine times, with six EuroLeague championships being won by Panathinaikos and three EuroLeague championships being won by Olympiacos. Four Greek teams have won a European-wide second-tier level competition, such as the Cup Winners Cup/Saporta Cup or the EuroCup.
The Greek clubs that have won second-tier level European-wide competitions are AEK (two times), PAOK, Aris, and Maroussi. Two Greek teams have won a European-wide third-tier level cup, either the FIBA Korać Cup or the EuroChallenge. Those clubs are Aris and PAOK. Aris has also won a fourth-tier level European-wide competition once, as they won the FIBA EuroCup Challenge.
Overall, twenty-one Greek basketball clubs have participated in European-wide competitions. Panathinaikos, Olympiacos, AEK, Aris, PAOK, Panionios, Panellinios, Maroussi, and Iraklis have each played in all of the main top three different level tiers. Peristeri has played in competitions of the first and third level tiers. Apollon Patras and Ionikos Neas Filadelfeias have played in competitions of the second and third level tiers. Makedonikos has only played in competitions of the second tier level, and HAN Thessaloniki, Sporting, Near East, Ionikos Nikaias, Papagou, Irakleio, Olympia Larissa, and Olympias Patras have only played in competitions of the third level tier.