Gonçalves is a Portuguese language surname. Notable people with the surname include:
Adílio de Oliveira Gonçalves, Brazilian footballer
Ailton Gonçalves da Silva, Brazilian footballer
André Gonçalves (explorer), 15th/16th-century Portuguese explorer of Brasil
André Gonçalves (painter), Portuguese Baroque painter
André Caetano Gonçalves, Swiss-Portuguese footballer
Antão Gonçalves, 15th-century Portuguese explorer
Gilberto Ribeiro Gonçalves, Brazilian footballer
Isilda Gonçalves, Portuguese race walker
João Gonçalves Zarco, 15th-century Portuguese explorer, discovered the archipelago of Madeira
Joaquim Gonçalves (1936–2013), Portuguese Roman Catholic bishop
José Gonçalves, Portuguese footballer
Khalid Gonçalves, American actor
Laura Gonçalves, Miss Portugal 2011, Top 10 at Miss Universe 2011
Marcelo Gonçalves Costa Lopes, Brazilian former football player
Mateus Alberto Contreiras Gonçalves, Angolan footballer
Nelson Gonçalves, Brazilian singer and songwriter
Nuno Gonçalves, 15th-century Portuguese artist
Paulo Sérgio Moreira Gonçalves, Portuguese footballer
Vanessa Gonçalves, Miss Venezuela 2010, Top 16 at Miss Universe 2011
Vasco Gonçalves, 20th-century Portuguese Prime Minister
