Gonçalves is a Portuguese language surname. Notable people with the surname include:
Adílio de Oliveira Gonçalves, Brazilian footballerAilton Gonçalves da Silva, Brazilian footballerAndré Gonçalves (explorer), 15th/16th-century Portuguese explorer of BrasilAndré Gonçalves (painter), Portuguese Baroque painterAndré Caetano Gonçalves, Swiss-Portuguese footballerAntão Gonçalves, 15th-century Portuguese explorerGilberto Ribeiro Gonçalves, Brazilian footballerIsilda Gonçalves, Portuguese race walkerJoão Gonçalves Zarco, 15th-century Portuguese explorer, discovered the archipelago of MadeiraJoaquim Gonçalves (1936–2013), Portuguese Roman Catholic bishopJosé Gonçalves, Portuguese footballerKhalid Gonçalves, American actorLaura Gonçalves, Miss Portugal 2011, Top 10 at Miss Universe 2011Marcelo Gonçalves Costa Lopes, Brazilian former football playerMateus Alberto Contreiras Gonçalves, Angolan footballerNelson Gonçalves, Brazilian singer and songwriterNuno Gonçalves, 15th-century Portuguese artistPaulo Sérgio Moreira Gonçalves, Portuguese footballerVanessa Gonçalves, Miss Venezuela 2010, Top 16 at Miss Universe 2011Vasco Gonçalves, 20th-century Portuguese Prime Minister