The phrase "Goffe and Whalley" or "Whalley and Goffe" refers to two men who fled in 1660 to Massachusetts Bay Colony after their involvement in the 1649 regicide of King Charles I of England:
The phrase is occasionally used as metonym or synecdoche for the tribunal of men (also called regicides) who ordered the king's execution.
Another regicide of Charles I who fled separately to New Haven Colony, John Dixwell, is sometimes included in the phrase (as in "Goffe, Whalley, and Dixwell").
References
Goffe and Whalley Wikipedia(Text) CC BY-SA