Gilfillan is a Scots surname. Notable people with the name include:
Bobby Gilfillan (footballer born 1926), Scottish professional footballer
Bobby Gilfillan (footballer born 1938) (died 2012), Scottish professional footballer
Calvin Willard Gilfillan (1832–1901), US Congressman
Ceris Gilfillan (born 1980), British racing cyclist
Rev. George Gilfillan (1813–1878), Scottish poet and critic
James Gilfillan (circa 1836–1929), Treasurer of the United States
Jock Gilfillan (1898–1976), Scottish professional footballer
John Bachop Gilfillan (1835–1924), US Congressman
Rev. Joseph Alexander Gilfillan (1838–1913), Irish-American missionary
Merrill Gilfillan (born 1945), US poet
Robert Gilfillan (1798–1850), Scottish songwriter
