Similar Codex Usserianus Primus, Book of Armagh, Hereford Gospels, Durham Gospels, Cathach of St Columba | ||
The Garland of Howth, also known as the Codex Usserianus Secundus, designated by r2 or 28 (in the Beuron system), is a fragmentary 8th to 10th century Latin Gospel Book now in Trinity College Dublin as MS. 56 (A. IV. 6).
The text, written on vellum, is a version of the old Latin. The manuscript contains the text of the four Gospels with lacunae. It was written at the monastery of Ireland's Eye, Dublin, and once kept in the parish church of Howth. Only 86 folios have survived; for example only 5:12-10:3 of the Gospel of John have survived. It is written with "diminuendo" script from initials, a feature of the oldest manuscripts in insular script such as Cathach of St. Columba. It has been described as the work of many scribes, none of them first-class.
The text of the codex is mixed. The text of Matthew is Old Latin, similar to that in Codex Usserianus I. The text of Mark, Luke, and John is very near to the Vulgate.
"Vetus Latina" means the text is a Latin version predating the Vulgate - such versions were used in Ireland later than in most areas. The "garland" of its title is taken from a corrupted English form of Ceithre Leabhair, Gaelic for 'four books', i.e., a gospel. Abbott made a collation. The manuscript was examined and edited by Lawlor, Hoskier, and Jülicher.