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Frederick, Landgrave of Hesse Eschwege

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Noble family
  
Name
  
Frederick Landgrave


Frederick, Landgrave of Hesse-Eschwege

Father
  
Mother
  
Countess Juliane of Nassau-Dillenburg

Born
  
9 May 1617, Kassel (
1617-05-09
)

Buried
  
Market Church in Eschwege

Spouse
  
Countess Palatine Eleonora Catherine of Zweibrucken (m. 1646)

Parents
  
Maurice, Landgrave of Hesse-Kassel, Countess Juliane of Nassau-Dillenburg

Grandparents
  
Johann VII, Count of Nassau-Siegen

Great-grandparents
  
Christoph, Duke of Wurttemberg

Children
  
Juliana of Hesse-Eschwege


Similar
  
Countess Palatine Eleonora Catherine of Zweibrücken, Agnes of Solms Laubach, Agnes of Hesse Kassel

Died
  
24 September 1655 (aged 38) Costian, near Poznań

Landgrave Frederick of Hesse-Eschwege (9 May 1617 in Kassel – 24 September 1655 in Costian near Poznań) was from 1632 until his death Landgrave of the apanage of Hesse-Eschwege, which stood under the suzerainty of Hesse-Kassel.

Contents

Frederick, Landgrave of Hesse-Eschwege Frederick Landgrave of HesseEschwege Wikipedia

Background

As the eighth child of Landgrave Maurice of Hesse-Kassel, he was awarded Hesse-Eschwege by a decree of his father, which was imposed on his father by his eldest brother William V shortly before Maurice had to abdicate to avoid an impending bankruptcy. At the instigation of his second wife, Juliane of Nassau-Dillenburg, Maurice set aside a quarter of his country, the so-called Rotenburg Quarter, to be divided among his married sons. Of those, Herman IV received the Rothenburg area, Frederick received Eschwege and Ernest received the former Lower County of Katzenelnbogen, around Rheinfels Castle.

Life

Maurice himself lived with his second family in Eschwege until his death in 1632. His widow then moved to Rotenburg Castle with her children.

The castle and town of Eschwege were pillaged and looted during the Thirty Years' War at Easter 1637. We can therefore assumed that the then 20-year-old Frederick only moved into his residence at Eschwege after his marriage in 1646 in Stockholm with Eleonora Catherine, the sister of King Charles X Gustav of Sweden.

Frederick had a successful military career in the Swedish army, where he made it to the Major General. It is unknown whether he was active during the Thirty Years' War. During the Second Northern War, he commanded a Swedish battle group. Due to his military career, he spent much time at the Swedish court and rarely visited Eschwege. His three brothers ruled his share of the Rotenburg Quarter on his behalf. Even so, he cared about his subject and contributed significantly to the reconstruction after the end of the Thirty Years' War. His wife mostly stayed in Eschwege and his children were born there.

Death and legacy

Frederick died on 24 September 1655 in Poland, in the army of his brother-in-law Charles X Gustav of Sweden. He was buried in the Market Church in Eschwege; it took two years before his coffin arrived there.

Hesse-Eschwege fell to his brother Ernest of Hesse-Rheinfels. The castle in Eschwege was assigned to his widow as dower, but she retreated to her Swedish fief Osterholz near Bremen. She died in 1692 and was buried in the royal crypt in the Market Church in Eschwege. The castle in Eschwege was mortgaged to Brunswick-Bevern in 1667, to raise a dowry for his daughter Christina.

Title

His full title, as immortalized on his coffin, was: Frederick, the brave hero, Landgrave of Hesse, Prince of Hersfeld, Count of Katzenelnbogen, Diez, Ziegenhain, Nidda and Schaumburg.

Marriage and issue

Frederick married on 8 September 1646 in Stockholm with Eleonora Catherine (1626-1692), daughter of the Count Palatine John Casimir of Kleeburg (1589-1652) and sister of the Swedish king Charles X Gustav. They had the following children:

  • Margarete (b. Erfurt, 31 March 1647 - d. Erfurt, 19 October 1647).
  • Christine (b. Kassel, 30 October 1649 - d. Bevern, 18 March 1702), married in 1667 to Ferdinand Albert I, Duke of Brunswick-Lüneburg-Bevern.
  • Elizabeth (b. Eschwege, 7 April 1650 - d. Eschwege, 27 April 1651).
  • Juliana (b. Eschwege, 14 May 1652 - d. IJsselstein, 20 June 1693), married in 1680 Johann Jakob Marchand, Baron of Lilienburg (1656-1703)
  • Charlotte (b. Eschwege, 3 September 1653 - d. Bremen, 7 February 1708), married firstly in 1673 with Prince August of Saxe-Weissenfels (son of Duke August) and secondly in 1679 with John Adolph, Count of Bentheim-Tecklenburg (divorced 1693)
  • Frederick, Hereditary Prince of Hesse-Eschwege (b. Eschwege, 30 November 1654 - d. Eschwege, 27 July 1655).
  • References

    Frederick, Landgrave of Hesse-Eschwege Wikipedia


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