Country Empire of Japan Role Corps Founded 1945 Headquarters Shenyang, Manchukuo | Type Infantry Garrison/HQ Mukden, Manchukuo Branch Imperial Japanese Army | |
Active January 12, 1945 – August 15, 1945 Nickname(s) Ensei (遠征, expeditionary) Engagement Soviet invasion of Manchuria Similar Imperial Japanese Army, Sixth Army, Fifty‑Second Army, Twenty‑Fifth Army | ||
The Japanese 44th Army (第44軍, Dai-yonjyū yon gun) was an army of the Imperial Japanese Army during the final stages of World War II.
History
The Japanese 44th Army was initially raised in July 1941 as the Kwangtung Defense Army (関東防衛軍, Kanto boei gun), an auxiliary force of the Kwantung Army based in the Manchukuo capital of Hsinking for public security and training. As the war situation on the Pacific front grew increasingly desperate for Japan, the Imperial Japanese Army transferred more and more experienced divisions and their equipment out of Manchukuo to other fronts. By early 1945, the vaunted Kwantung Army was largely hollowed out, and indications of a buildup of Soviet Red Army forces on the borders on Mengjiang and Manchukuo were alarming. The Kwantung Defense Army was renamed the Japanese 44th Army on May 30, 1945 and assigned to the Japanese Third Area Army, based in southern Manchukuo. It saw combat against the Soviet Army in Soviet invasion of Manchuria, with combat operations continuing into September, even after the official surrender of Japan. It was officially disbanded at Mukden, with many of its surviving troops becoming Japanese prisoners of war in the Soviet Union.