Use Civil flag and ensign | Proportion 3:5 | |
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Name Landesflagge (state flag) Adopted 1954 (West); 1990 (Whole) Design A tricolor of red-white-red, defaced with an emblem. Name Landesdienstflagge (state service flag) | ||
The flag of Berlin has three stripes of red-white-red, the two outer stripes each occupying a fifth of its height, the middle the remaining three fifths. It is emblazoned with a bear on the civil flag, while it bears the coat of arms of Berlin on the state flag.
The civil flag of West Berlin was adopted on 26 May 1954. Designed by Ottfried Neubecker, it came in second in the contest of 1952, the winner being rejected by the Senate. The emblem of the bear is apparently a play on the city's name (bear in German being Bär). The bear is placed slightly off-center toward the left.
The state flag replaces the bear with the full coat of arms, with the bear inside the escutcheon. Being the state flag for West Berlin, it became the flag of the entire city after the reunification of Germany in 1990. Prior to that, it had also been the naval ensign as no other existing flag could be used. The proportions of the flag are 3:5.
Historical flags
Between 1618 and 1861 a bicolour of black over white was used as both a civil and state flag, under Brandenburg and successive Prussian rules.
Between 1861 and 1912, a horizontal tricolour of black, red and white was used in the proportions of 2:3. It was designed by Ernst Fidicin based in the Brandenburg colors following the coronation of Wilhelm I on 19 December 1861.
Between 1913 and 1954, the civil flag was similar to the current one, except the design of the bear was different. Until 1935, the emblem itself was not established.
From 1955 on, East Berlin had the addition of two white stripes taking the outside halves of the upper and lower red stripes, and a slightly different design for the bear inside an escutcheon, topped with a crown. The East Berlin flag was therefore a slightly modified version of the old state flag, with the civil flag being deliberately avoided in East Berlin—and conversely, adopted as official in West Berlin—due to the bear in the civil flag being off-center to the left and facing left, strongly suggesting an orientation toward the West. The West Berlin flag was adopted for all of Berlin after 1990.