Federer is a surname. Notable people with the surname include:
Edi Federer (1955–2012), Austrian ski jumper
Herbert Federer (1920–2010), American mathematician
Michelle Federer (born 1973), American theatre and film actress
Mirka Federer (born 1978), former WTA tennis player and wife of Roger Federer
Roger Federer (born 1981), Swiss tennis player
William J. Federer (born 1957), American historian and writer