Eulenberg is a German surname. Notable people with the surname include:
Albert Eulenburg (1840–1917), German neurologist
Botho zu Eulenburg (1831–1912), Prussian statesman
Friedrich Albrecht zu Eulenburg (1815–1881), Prussian diplomat and politician
Hedda Eulenberg (1876–1960), German translator
Herbert Eulenberg (1876–1949), German writer
Botho Sigwart zu Eulenburg (1884-1915), German composer
Friedrich Wend zu Eulenburg (1881-1963), German prince and landowner