Eshleman is a surname. Notable people with the surname include:
Andrew Eshleman, professor at the University of Arkansas in Little Rock, Arkansas
Clayton Eshleman (born 1935), American poet, translator, and editor
Edwin Duing Eshleman (1920–1985), American politician who represented Pennsylvania in the US House of Representatives
John Morton Eshleman (1876–1916), American lawyer and California politician, Californian lieutenant governor 1915–1916