Elsner is a German surname. Notable people with the surname include:
David Elsner, German ice hockey player
Hannelore Elsner, German actress
James Elsner, American atmospheric scientist, geographer, and statistician
Joseph Elsner (disambiguation), multiple people
Luka Elsner, Slovenian footballer
Marko Elsner, Slovenian footballer
Rok Elsner (born 1986), Slovenian footballer