Elphinstone is a Scottish surname. It is locational from the lands of Elphinstone in the parish of Tranent.
Notable people with the surname include:
Alexander Elphinstone, 1st Lord Elphinstone (died 1513), Scottish noblemanAlexander Elphinstone, 19th Lord Elphinstone (born 1980), Scottish noblemanArthur Elphinstone, 6th Lord Balmerino (1688–1746), Scottish nobleman and Jacobite army officerAugustus Elphinstone (1874–1964), Australian businessmanCecil Elphinstone (1874–1964), Australian businessman and politicianCharles Elphinstone Fleeming (1774–1840) (born Charles Elphinstone), British admiralDavid Elphinstone (1847–1916), Australian architectEuphemia Elphinstone (fl.1509–1542), mistress of King James V of ScotlandGeorge Elphinstone, 1st Viscount Keith (1746–1823), British admiralHester Maria Elphinstone, Viscountess Keith (1764–1857), British literary correspondent and intellectualHoward Elphinstone (disambiguation), several people includingSir Howard Craufurd Elphinstone VC (1829–1890), British Army generalJames Elphinstone (disambiguation), several peopleJohn Elphinstone (1722–1785), British naval officerJohn Elphinstone, 17th Lord Elphinstone (1914–1975), British nobleman and army officerSir Lancelot Henry Elphinstone (1879–1965), English lawyer, Attorney-General of CeylonMargaret Elphinstone (born 1948), Scottish writerMary Elphinstone, Lady Elphinstone (1883–1961), British noblewomanMountstuart Elphinstone (1779–1859), Scottish statesman and historian, Lieutenant-Governor of Bombay in British IndiaSidney Elphinstone, 16th Lord Elphinstone (1869–1955), Governor of the Bank of ScotlandWilliam Elphinstone (1431–1514), Scottish statesman, Bishop of Aberdeen and founder of the University of AberdeenWilliam George Keith Elphinstone (1782–1842), British generalWilliam Elphinstone, 15th Lord Elphinstone (1828–1893), Scottish politician