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Edge blown aerophones

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Edge-blown aerophones is one of the categories of musical instruments found in the Hornbostel–Sachs system of musical instrument classification. In order to produce sound with these aerophones, the player makes a ribbon-shaped flow of air with his lips (421.1), or his breath is directed through a duct against an edge (421.2).

421.1 Flutes without duct – The player himself creates a ribbon-shaped stream of air with his lips.

421.11 End-blown flutes – The player blows against the sharp rim at the upper open end of a tube.

421.111 Individual end-blown flutes

421.111.1 Open single end-blown flutes – The lower end of the flute is open.

421.111.11 Without fingerholes.

421.111.12 With fingerholes.

  • Anasazi flute
  • Danso
  • Kaval
  • Ney
  • Nose flute
  • Palendag
  • Quena
  • Shakuhachi
  • Sring
  • Suling
  • Tungso
  • Washint
  • Xiao
  • 421.111.2 Stopped single end-blown flutes – The lower end of the flute is closed.

    421.111.21 Without fingerholes.

    421.111.22 With fingerholes.

    421.112 Sets of end-blown flutes or panpipes – Several end-blown flutes of different pitch are combined to form a single instrument.

  • Diple
  • 421.112.1 Open panpipes.

    421.112.11 Open (raft) panpipes – The pipes are tied together in the form of a board, or they are made by drilling tubes *in a board.

    421.112.12 Open bundle (pan-) pipes – The pipes are tied together in a round bundle.

    421.112.2 Stopped panpipes

  • Pan flute
  • Siku
  • 421.112.3 Mixed open and stopped panpipes.

    421.12 Side-blown flutes – The player blows against the sharp rim of a hole in the side of the tube.

    421.121 (Single) side-blown flutes.

    421.121.1 Open side-blown flutes.

    421.121.11 Without fingerholes.

    421.121.12 With fingerholes

  • Bansuri
  • Chi
  • Daegeum
  • Dangjeok
  • Dizi
  • Fife
  • Gakubue
  • Hotchiku
  • Kagurabue
  • Junggeum
  • Komabue
  • Koudi
  • Minteki
  • Nohkan
  • Piccolo
  • Ryuteki
  • Sáo
  • Seiteki
  • shinobue
  • Sogeum
  • Western concert flutes
  • Alto flute
  • Bass flute
  • Contra-alto flute
  • Contrabass flute
  • Double contrabass flute
  • Hyperbass flute
  • 421.121.2 Partly stopped side-blown flutes - The lower end of the tube is a natural node of the pipe pierced by a small hole.

    421.121.3 Stopped side-blown flutes.

    421.121.31 Without fingerholes.

    421.121.311 With fixed stopped lower end - (Apparently non-existent).

    421.121.312 With adjustable stopped lower end

    421.121.32 With fingerholes.

    421.122 Sets of side-blown flutes.

    421.122.1 Sets of open side-blown flutes.

    421.122.2 Sets of stopped side-blown flutes.

    421.13 Vessel flutes (without distinct beak) The body of the pipe is not tubular but vessel-shaped.

    421.2 Flutes with duct or duct flutes - A narrow duct directs the air-stream against the sharp edge of a lateral orifice

    421.21 Flutes with external duct - The duct is outside the wall of the flute; this group includes flutes with the duct chamfered in the wall under a ring-like sleeve and other similar arrangements.

    421.211 (Single) flutes with external duct.

    421.211.1 Open flutes with external duct.

    421.211.11 Without fingerholes.

    421.211.12 With fingerholes.

  • Native American flute
  • 421.211.2 Partly stopped flutes with external duct.

    421.211.3 Stopped flutes with external duct.

  • Boatswain's call
  • 421.212 Sets of flute with external duct.

    421.22 Flutes with internal duct - The duct is inside the tube. This group includes flutes with the duct formed by an internal baffle (natural node, bock of resin) and an exterior tied-on cover (cane, wood, hide).

    421.221 (Single) flutes with internal duct.

    421.221.1 Open flutes with internal duct.

    421.221.11 Without fingerholes.

    421.221.12 With fingerholes.

  • Atenben
  • Flageolet
  • Fujara
  • Khloy
  • Khlui
  • Recorder
  • Tin whistle
  • Tonette
  • 421.221.2 Partly stopped flute with internal duct.

    421.221.3 Stopped flutes with internal duct.

  • whistle
  • 421.221.31 Without fingerholes.

    421.221.311 With fixed stopped lower end.

    421.221.312 With adjustable stopped lower end.

  • Slide whistle
  • 421.221.4 Vessel flutes with duct.

    421.221.41 Without fingerholes

    421.221.42 With fingerholes

  • Gemshorn
  • Ocarina
  • 421.222 Sets of flutes with internal duct.

    421.222.1 Sets of open flutes with internal duct.

    421.222.11 Without fingerholes - Open flue stops of the organ.

    421.222.12 With fingerholes

  • Double flageolet.
  • 421.222.2 Sets of partly stopped flutes with internal duct.

    421.222.3 Sets of stopped flutes with internal duct.

  • Paixiao
  • References

    Edge-blown aerophones Wikipedia