Eburran industry

Updated on Jan 17, 2024

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Eburran industry is the name of the East African tool assemblage from 13,000 BCE and thereafter around Lake Nakuru in the Ol Doinyo Eburru volcano complex (name giving) in the Rift Valley in Kenya.

The culture was a time known as "Kenyan Capsian" because the findings resemble those of the North African Capsian trans-Saharan culture. It was also formerly called "Kenyan Aurignacian".

The assemblages, as recovered from Gamble's Cave and Nderit Drift, comprise large backed blades, crescentric microliths, burins, and end-scrapers. Some tools at Gambles-Hola were made from obsidian (volcanic glass).

Phase 1, from 13,000 BCE to around 10,000 BCE, associated with a short period of humid climate superseded by dry climate

Phase 2, from around 7-8,000 BCE, the climate became very humid

Phase 3, from around 6,000 BCE

Phase 4, from around 4-5,000 BCE, with unevenly drier climate

Phase 5, from around 3,000 BCE, the climate was much drier than now. During this last period Eburran tools are also found with ceramics and livestock. It is part of the Pastoral Neolithic in Africa. Before phase 5 Eburran folk lived by hunting and gathering.

Around 700 AD tranformation from Neolithic to East African Iron Age took place.

References

Eburran industry Wikipedia

(Text) CC BY-SA