The Dixiana was a passenger train operated between Chicago, Illinois, and Miami, Florida. The train ran on an every-third-day schedule using the "Dixie Route," a multi-railroad routing via Nashville, Tennessee; Chattanooga, Tennessee; Atlanta, Georgia; and Jacksonville, Florida. The railroads collaborating on Dixie Route passenger trains included the Chicago and Eastern Illinois, Louisville and Nashville, Nashville, Chattanooga, and St. Louis, Central of Georgia, Atlantic Coast Line, and Florida East Coast.
The Dixiana entered service on January 1, 1942, and was discontinued two weeks later after completing only five round trips, making it one of the shortest-lived named American passenger trains ever. The train was cancelled so that its equipment could be freed for use in transportation needs related to the onset of World War II.