Derby is a surname. Notable people with the surname include:
Brown Derby (actor) (1914-2000), Scottish actorDean Derby (born 1935), American retired National Football League playerEthel Roosevelt Derby (1891-1977), youngest daughter of President Theodore Roosevelt, instrumental in preserving his legacyElias Hasket Derby (1739-1799), American merchantGeorge Derby (1823-1861), American humoristGeorge Derby (baseball) (1857-1925), American Major League Baseball pitcherJames Cephas Derby (1818-1892), American book publisherOrville Adalbert Derby (1851-1915), American geologist who worked in BrazilPat Derby (1942–2013), British-born American animal trainerSylvester Derby (1892–1974), American college football head coach