The Women's Handball DDR-Oberliga was the highest category in the championship for women's handball in East Germany. Founded in 1951, 41 editions took place before the competition was disestablished in 1991 following the reunification of Germany. SC Leipzig was the championship's most successful with fifteen championships between 1953 and 1991, followed by Fortschritt Weissenfels and Vorwärts Frankfurt with six, TSC Berlin with four and Empor Rostock with three.
The leading teams in the DDR-Oberliga were successful in international competitions. SC Leipzig won two European Cups and one EHF Cup, TSC Berlin also won the European Cup and two Cup Winners' Cups and Vorwärts Frankfurt clinched two EHF Cups, while Empor Rostock and SC Magdeburg also played European finals. Leipzig would later become one of the leading teams of the Bundesliga, with six championships between 1998 and 2010.