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Parliamentary elections were held in Czechoslovakia on 26 and 27 November 1971. The National Front, dominated by the Communist Party of Czechoslovakia, put forward a single list of candidates for both houses of the Federal Assembly of Czechoslovakia, the House of the People (the lower house) and the House of Nations (the upper house). A single NF-approved candidate ran in each single member constituency. With a total of 350 seats in the two Houses, 245 were assigned to the Communist Party, 20 to the Czechoslovak Socialist Party, 16 to the Czechoslovak People's Party four to the Party of Slovak Revival, four to the Freedom Party and 61 to independents. Voter turnout was reported to be 99.45%.
Like the other elections of the Communist era, the result was a foregone conclusion. People were afraid not to vote, and when they did so, those who entered a voting booth to modify their ballot paper could expect to be persecuted by the state.