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Cock Up Your Beaver is a song and poem by Robert Burns, written in 1792. It is written in Scottish dialect and the beaver refers to a kind of hat.
It was based on an older song, published as "Johnny, cock up thy Beaver". It is widely claimed that this is found in The Dancing Master, a collection of folk tunes published by John Playford of London in 1657. However, this is disputed by Scottish music scholar John Glen who states it first appears in the 1686 edition of "The Dancing Master".
It was originally published in 1792 in volume 4 of the Scots Musical Museum and again in 1821 in a compilation by James Hogg, with four verses and musical notation of a tune.
The original version was English, and ridiculed Scotsmen who settled in London after the accession of James VI to the throne of England, possibly satirizing the costumes of highland chiefs entering the lowlands.
The song, hand-written by Burns, is in the Scots Musical Museum.
A piece entitled Carolan's Variations on the Scottish Air "Cock Up Your Beaver" is composition no. 204 in the oeuvre of Turlough O'Carolan.