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The City Line is the name given to local rail routes out of Liverpool Lime Street station, Liverpool, Merseyside. It appears on maps of the Merseyrail network as red, and covers the Liverpool-Wigan Line as well as the two routes of the Liverpool-Manchester Line. Although it is branded under the Merseyrail name, the routes are operated by Northern on behalf of Merseytravel rather than by the Merseyrail franchise.
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History
The City Line can trace its origins back to the dawn of the railway era, as it incorporates most of the route of the Liverpool and Manchester Railway, opened in 1830 having Broad Green Station the oldest operating station in the world. Other early railway companies whose lines are now part of the City Line include the Cheshire Lines Committee and the London & North Western Railway.
These disparate local railway services were not marketed under a common name until 1972, when Merseyside PTE introduced the Merseyrail brand for services which were operated by British Rail on its behalf. The PTE applied the City Line name to local services out of Liverpool's main station at Lime Street.
Around this time, ambitious plans were floated to electrify parts of the City Line and incorporate it into the Northern Line, via the Wapping Tunnel from Edge Hill to Liverpool Central. However, after work started, they were abandoned.
In the 1990s, as part of the Government's rail privatisation, the City Line services became part of the North Western Trains franchise (later taken over by FirstGroup and renamed First North Western). Merseytravel continue to use the City Line name and stations retain the Merseyrail branding and familiar M logo.
In 2004, the First North Western franchise was merged with that of neighbouring train company Arriva Trains Northern to create a new franchise covering the north of England. The new franchise was won by Northern Rail, owned by the Serco-Abellio consortium (who, coincidentally, had been named as the operators of the Merseyrail Electrics franchise a year earlier).
Description
The City Line differs from the Northern and Wirral lines of the Merseyrail Network in that many of the routes are shared with inter-city express services. The lines which make up the City Line are:
Some City Line services continue beyond the confines of the above routes. For example, many Preston services continue to Blackpool or Lancaster, while Manchester Victoria services go on to Stalybridge.
The Crewe to Liverpool Line actually forms part of the West Coast Main Line route for services between Lime Street and London Euston. These services are operated by London Midland and Virgin West Coast.
Whilst services from Liverpool on the West Coast Main Line may not officially be part of the City Line, sometimes the distinction is unclear. For example, Merseytravel publicity for Liverpool South Parkway referred to the Central Trains service from Liverpool to Crewe and Birmingham New Street as if it were part of the City Line. The City Line timetable booklets also show other services where they share tracks with City Line trains (for example, the Chester to Manchester services via Newton-le-Willows and Warrington Bank Quay).
Services
Monday to Saturday daytimes, most stations are served by a train every half-hour on core sections of route. Some smaller stations are served only by one train per hour. Services are less frequent in the evenings.
Long-distance express services provided by other operators provide additional trains to some City Line stations.
On Sundays Edge Hill, Eccleston Park and Bryn stations are closed and a basic hourly frequency operates on all lines.
Connections
Transfer to the Northern Line is possible at Liverpool South Parkway or Hunts Cross, for services to Southport. No direct connections to the branches to Kirkby and Ormskirk are available; passengers must board Southport-bound trains and alight at Sandhills.
Interchange with the Wirral Line is possible at Liverpool Lime Street. Passengers wishing to transfer to the Northern Line can take a Wirral line service to Liverpool Central (although given the short distance between the two stations, many prefer to walk).
Connections to long distance services is possible at Wigan North Western, Earlestown or Manchester Oxford Road.
Rolling stock
There were 17 Class 142 diesel powered Pacer units painted in the PTE's yellow livery, ostensibly for use on City Line services. However, they are not dedicated to Merseyside operations and can often be seen working on other Northern Rail services outside the Merseyside area. Conversely, 142s in other liveries can frequently be seen working Lime Street City Line services.
Some longer-distance City Line services are diagrammed for Class 150 or Class 156 Sprinter units.
On 28 February 2007 Merseytravel announced a new deal with Northern Rail and Angel Trains, which would see 4 Pacers taken out of service and replaced by 6 Class 156 units. The higher capacity of the 156s will assist in tackling overcrowding. This new arrangement is expected to begin with the May 2007 timetable.
Electrification of the City Line
Merseytravel's aspirations to electrify the City Line with 25kV overhead wires were realised in 2014. Formally the only section of City Line route electrified was between Lime Street and Liverpool South Parkway, which is used by Virgin and London Midland Electric Multiple Units. In July 2009 the Department for Transport announced that the line from Liverpool to Manchester via Newton-le-Willows, the Chat Moss route, would be electrified, along with the Liverpool to Wigan Line. The electrification was complete in early 2015.
In February 2010 Network Rail's Northern Hub Plan, on page 26, announced that 4 electrified tracks will be operative from Broad Green Station to Huyton Station. This is to allow a fast uninterrupted service from Liverpool to Manchester and slower electric urban trains to operate on segregated tracks from Liverpool to Wigan. Merseyrail City Line trains run on this section of track. Whether Merseyrail electric trains, operated by either Merseyrail or Northern Rail on this electrified section remains to be clarified.
Bootle branch line
The Canada Dock Branch line, also known as the Bootle branch line, is a line running from Edge Hill Junction in the east of the city in a long curve to Canada Dock in the north of the city. The line meets Merseyrail's Northern Line at a junction between Bank Hall and Bootle Oriel Road stations. The line's last remaining passenger services were withdrawn in 1977, however the line remains busy with freight to Seaforth Container Terminal.
The line could be reopened to passengers, allowing the reopening of stations along its length: Spellow, Walton & Anfield, Breck Road, Tuebrook, Stanley and Edge Lane. The line from Edge Lane would continue through to Edge Hill station and terminate at Lime Street.
Network Rail have investigated options for the Canada Dock Branch in their Route Utilisation Strategy for Merseyside and have concluded that the expected benefits do not justify the investment in new infrastructure. It had been suggested that Liverpool F.C. could assist in funding the reopening of this line to provide a direct link to their proposed new Stanley Park Stadium although those plans have now been shelved.
The Department for Transport's Rail electrification document of July 2009, states that the route to Liverpool Docks will be electrified. The Canada Dock Branch Line is the only line into the docks. From the document:
70. Electrification of this route will offer electric haulage options for freight. There will be an alternative route to Liverpool docks for electrically-operated freight trains, and better opportunities of electrified access to the proposed freight terminal at Parkside near Newton-le-Willows.The electrification of this line would greatly assist in recommissioning passenger trains, as costs would be reduced.