Chekhov/Chekov (masculine) or Chekhova (feminine) is a Russian surname. Notable people with the surname include:
Aleksander Chekov, Russian professional wrestlerAlexander Chekhov, older brother of Anton ChekhovAnton Chekhov (1860–1904), Russian writerMaria Chekhova (1863–1957), sister of Anton ChekhovMichael Chekhov (1891–1955), Russian actor, director, and theorist, Anton's nephew and student of StanislavskiNikolay Chekhov (1858–1889), painter and brother of Anton ChekhovOlga Chekhova (1897–1980), Russian actress, wife of MikhailValery Chekhov (born 1955), Russian chess grandmasterFictional characters:
Pavel Chekov, Star Trek characterChekov, fictional character in Stargate SG-1