Charteris is a Scottish surname. Notable people with the surname include:
Thomas Charteris (d. 1346), Scottish nobleman and ambassador to England
Archibald Hamilton Charteris (1835-1908), Scottish theologian, founder of Life and Work magazine
Francis Charteris (disambiguation)
Henry Charteris, principal of Edinburgh University from 1599 to 1620
Hugo Charteris, 11th Earl of Wemyss (1857–1937)
David Charteris, 12th Earl of Wemyss (1912–2008)
John Charteris (1877-1946), British army officer
Leslie Charteris (1907-1993), British author, creator of "The Saint" Simon Templar
Ann Charteris (1913-1981), wife of British author Ian Fleming
Martin Charteris, Baron Charteris of Amisfield (1913-1999), private secretary to HM Elizabeth II
James Charteris, 13th Earl of Wemyss (b. 1948)
Luke Charteris (b. 1983), Welsh rugby player