Name Charles Williams Role Author | Children Alison Williams | |
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Born August 13, 1909 San Angelo, Texas Occupation Writer, electronics inspector Died April 7, 1975, Los Angeles, California, United States Spouse Lasca Foster (m. 1939–1972) Movies Dead Calm, The Hot Spot, Confidentially Yours Books The Diamond Bikini, A Touch of Death, The Long Saturday Night, Dead Calm, River Girl Similar People Phillip Noyce, Terry Hayes, Francois Truffaut, Suzanne Schiffman, Dennis Hopper | ||
Charles K. Williams (August 13, 1909–April 5, 1975) was an American author of crime fiction. He is regarded by some critics as one of the finest suspense novelists of the 1950s and 1960s. His 1951 debut, the pulp paperback novel Hill Girl, sold more than a million copies. A dozen of his books have been adapted for movies, most popularly Dead Calm.
Contents
Life
Williams was born in the central Texas town of San Angelo. After attending school through tenth grade, during 1929 he enlisted with the US Merchant Marine. He served for ten years before quitting to marry Lasca Foster. Having trained as a radioman during his seafaring career, Williams worked as an electronics inspector, first for RCA in Galveston, Texas, later at Puget Sound Navy Yard in Washington State through the end of World War II. He and his wife then relocated to San Francisco, where he worked for Mackay Radio company until the publication of his first novel, Hill Girl, during 1951. It was a great success, and Williams spent the remainder of his professional career as an author, primarily of novels, with several screenplays also to his credit. The couple changed residences frequently and apparently spent considerable time in France, where Williams's work has an excellent reputation. After the death of his wife from cancer during 1972, Williams purchased property on the California-Oregon border where he lived alone for a time in a trailer. Ultimately relocating to Los Angeles, Williams committed suicide in his apartment in the Van Nuys neighborhood during early April 1975. Williams had been depressed since the death of his wife, and his emotional state worsened as sales of his books declined as pulp thrillers began to lose popularity in the early 70s. He was survived by a daughter, Alison. Many sources continue to repeat the false rumor that Williams died by drowning in the Gulf of Mexico or in France. There is no such thing as a "pulp paperback." They are two different things. Paperbacks were never printed on pulp. Pulp magazines got their name from being printed on pulp.
Literary style
Williams's work is identified with the noir fiction subgenre of "hardboiled" crime writing. His 1953 novel Hell Hath No Fury—- published by the defining pulp crime fiction company, Gold Medal Books—- was the first paperback original to merit a review from renowned critic Anthony Boucher of The New York Times. Boucher relates Williams to two of the most famous noir fiction writers: "The striking suspense technique...may remind you of [Cornell] Woolrich; the basic story, with its bitter blend of sex and criminality, may recall James M. Cain. But Mr. Williams is individually himself in his sharp but unmannered prose style and in his refusal to indulge in sentimental compromises." Ed Gorman's description of a characteristic Williams novel, Man on the Run (1958), outlines the essential elements that associate it with the noir fiction category: "a) a falsely accused man trying to elude police, b) a lonely woman as desperate in her way as the man on the run, c) enough atmospherics (night, rain, fog) to enshroud a hundred films noir." Cultural critic Geoffrey O'Brien further details Williams's "chief characteristics":
a powerfully evoked natural setting, revelation of character through sexual attitudes and behavior, and a conversational narrative voice that makes the flimsiest tale seem worth telling.... His narrator is generally an ordinary, curiously amoral fellow fueled by greed and lust but curiously detached from his own crimes. [A number of his books] are variations on the same serviceable plot: boy meets money, boy gets money, boy loses money. Each of them hinges on a woman, and it is in the intricacies of the man-woman relationship that Williams finds his real subject.... [O]ften the woman is both more intelligent and—- even when she is a criminal—- more aware of moral complexities than the affectless hero.
Lee Horsley describes how Williams frequently satirizes his male protagonists' attitudes, while implicitly reassessing the traditional genre figure of the femme fatale.
Williams's novel River Girl (1951) is described by pulp fiction expert George Tuttle as a "classic example of backwoods noir...us[ing] an Erskine Caldwell type setting to heighten the sexual overtones of the story." Many of Williams's other novels are also of this "backwoods noir" type: Hill Girl; Big City Girl; Go Home, Stranger; The Diamond Bikini; Girl Out Back; and Uncle Sagamore and His Girls. Williams also produced, particularly late in his career, what might be called "blue-water noir": Scorpion Reef, The Sailcloth Shroud, Aground, Dead Calm, and And The Deep Blue Sea. Woody Haut argues that Williams, like fellow pulp novelist Charles Willeford, wrote stories fueled by an "antipathy to state power, state crimes and the creation of social conditions leading to criminal activity. Relying on wit, humor and ingenious plotting, Williams's characters constantly attempt to outwit the system."
Historical notability
Of Williams's twenty-two novels, sixteen were paperback originals-— eleven of them Gold Medals; he is described by Gorman as "the best of all the Gold Medal writers." Pulp historian Woody Haut calls Williams the "foremost practitioner" of the style of suspense that typified American pulp literature from the mid-1950s through the early 1960s: "So prolific and accomplished a writer was Charles Williams that he single-handedly made many subsequent pulp culture novels seem like little more than parodies." Fellow "hardboiled" author John D. MacDonald cites him as one of the most undeservedly neglected writers of his generation. O'Brien, describing Williams as being "overdue" for "wider appreciation," describes him as a stylist consistently faithful to "the narrative values which make his books so entertaining and his present neglect so inexplicable."
As of mid-2006, only three of Williams's novels are in print in the United States: River Girl, Nothing in Her Way (1953), and A Touch of Death (1954). As of 2013, sixteen of Williams's novels were released as e-books by Mysterious Press. During 2014, Overlook Duckworth re-published Confidentially Yours. Most of his work is currently in print in France, issued primarily by Rivages and Gallimard's Série noire. At present, two of the five officially released English-language movies based on his writing are available on DVD in North America: Dead Calm (1989), directed by Phillip Noyce and featuring Nicole Kidman, Sam Neill, and Billy Zane, and The Hot Spot (1990), directed by Dennis Hopper and starring Don Johnson, Virginia Madsen, and Jennifer Connelly. Both are also available on Blu-Ray. Additionally, the French production Vivement dimanche! (Confidentially Yours) (1983), directed by François Truffaut and starring Fanny Ardant and Jean-Louis Trintignant, is currently available on US video. Gold Medal was a book publisher, not a pulp publishers.
Williams on screen
While Williams is little known presently by the general American public, between 1960 and 1990 twelve of his novels were adapted for cinema or television in the United States, France, and Australia:
Of the preceding, Williams wrote the screenplays for Don't Just Stand There! and, with Nona Tyson, The Hot Spot. He is credited as co-screenwriter for Peau de banane and L' Arme à gauche. He also wrote the screenplay for The Pink Jungle (1968), adapting a novel by Alan Williams (no relation), and cowrote Les Félins (Joy House) (1964), adapting a novel by Day Keene.