Holders of the office of Lord Chamberlain of Scotland are known from about 1124. It was ranked by King Malcolm as the third great Officer of State, called Camerarius Domini Regis, and had a salary of £200 per annum allotted to him. He anciently collected the revenues of the Crown, at least before Scotland had a Treasurer, of which office there is no vestige of until the restoration of King James I when he disbursed the money necessary for the maintenance of the King's Household.
The Great Chamberlain had jurisdiction for judging of all crimes committed within burgh, and of the crime of forestalling; and was in effect Justice-General over the burghs, and held Chamberlain-ayrs every year for that purpose; the form whereof is set down in Iter Camerarii, the Chamberlain-ayr. He was a supreme judge and his Decrees could not be questioned by any inferior judicatory. His sentences were to be put into execution by the baillies of burghs. He also settled the prices of provisions within burghs, and the fees of the workmen in the Mint.
The Chamberlain lost his financial functions after 1425 to the Treasurer. The position was vacant from 1558 to 1565 and again from 1569. It was occupied in 1580 for the cousin of James I, Esmé Stewart, 1st Duke of Lennox, whose appearance as a Great Officer of State in 1581 is attributable to his personal standing with the king rather than his office. But following the Raid of Ruthven, August 24, 1582, the Great Chamberlain lost his supervision of the royal burghs.
Thereafter the office was held by successive Dukes of Lennox (heritably from 1603) until resigned to the Crown ad perpetuam remanentiam by the Duke of Richmond and Lennox in 1703, since which time no Great Chamberlain has been appointed. In 1711 a form of the office was revived in a Commission of Chamberlainry and Trade, which lapsed on the death of Queen Anne.
Edmund, witnessed a charter granting Annandale to Robert de Brus in 1124.
1130-1160: Herbert, to Kings David I and Malcolm IV
1160-1165: Nicolaus, later Lord Chancellor
1165-1189: Walter de Barclay of Red Castle, Angus and Inverkeilor
1205: Philip de Valence, to King William the Lion
1214-19: William de Valognes
Hugo de Giffard, Lord of Yester and Morham
John de Melville, to King Alexander II
1216: Henry de Balliol (d. 1246)
1228: David de Bernham (later Bishop of St Andrews)
1231-41: Sir John de Maccuswel (or Maxwell) to King Alexander II of Scotland
c.1250/1: Sir Robert de Meyners
1252-1255: William, Earl of Mar, to King Alexander III
1255-1257: David de Lindsay of the Byres
1257-60: Aylmer de Maxwell lord of Caerlaverock, Sheriff of Dumfries, to King Alexander III of Scotland, son of Sir John Maxwell.
1260: William, Earl of Mar, again
1267: Sir Reginald Cheyne
1269: Sir Thomas Randolph, father of Thomas Randolph, 1st Earl of Moray,
1278: John de Lindsay
1287-1294: Alexander de Baliol
1297-1307 John Sandale, under Edward I of England
1319: William de Lindsay, to Robert the Bruce
1325: Alexander Fraser of Touchfraser and Cowie (who married Mary, the King's sister)
1329: John Baptista, to King David II
1327-1329: Robert de Peebles
1329-1333: Reginald de Mure
1333: Sir Robert de Lawedre of The Bass (d. 1337) (also Justiciar)
1334: William Bullock, under Edward Balliol
1334-1340: Reginald de Mure, again
1341-1342: William Bullock, again
1343-1346: John of Roxburgh
c.1350-1357: Sir Robert de Erskine
1357-1358: Thomas Stewart, 2nd Earl of Angus
1358-1359: Thomas, Earl of Mar
1359-1363: Walter Fleming of Biggar
c1363-1364: Sir Robert de Erskine, again
1364-1376: Walter of Biggar, again
1376: Michael de Monymusk, Bishop of Dunkeld
1377-1382: Sir John Lyon
1382: Robert Stewart, Earl of Fife
1426: John Forrester of Corstorphine (d. c1448), to King James I
1431: George de Schoriswood, Bishop of Brechin
1458: James Livingstone, 1st Lord Livingston, to King James II
Robert Boyd, 1st Lord Boyd, to King James III
1477: James Stewart, 1st Earl of Buchan
1483: David Lindsay, 5th Earl of Crawford
1488: Alexander Home, 2nd Lord Home, to King James IV
1509: Alexander Home, 3rd Lord Home
1516: Malcolm Fleming, 3rd Lord Fleming (d. 1547 at Battle of Pinkie), to King James V
1547: James Fleming, 4th Lord Fleming (d. 1558), to Mary, Queen of Scots
1565: John Fleming, 5th Lord Fleming (d. 1572)
1581: Esmé Stewart, 1st Duke of Lennox, to King James VI
1594: Ludovick (or Louis) Stewart, Duke of Lennox (made heritable Chamberlains).
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