Chéron is a French surname. Notable people with the surname include:
André Chéron (1895–1980), French chess player
Élisabeth Sophie Chéron (1648–1711), French painter
François Chéron (1764–1829), one of the Administrators of the Comédie-Française
Louis Chéron (1660–1725), French painter, and a founder of the St. Martin's Lane Academy, London
Pierre Nicholas Le Chéron d'Incarville (1706–1757), French Jesuit and amateur botanist
Louis-Claude Chéron de La Bruyère (1758–1807), French playwrigfht, translator and politician
