Chéron is a French surname. Notable people with the surname include:
André Chéron (1895–1980), French chess playerÉlisabeth Sophie Chéron (1648–1711), French painterFrançois Chéron (1764–1829), one of the Administrators of the Comédie-FrançaiseLouis Chéron (1660–1725), French painter, and a founder of the St. Martin's Lane Academy, LondonPierre Nicholas Le Chéron d'Incarville (1706–1757), French Jesuit and amateur botanistLouis-Claude Chéron de La Bruyère (1758–1807), French playwrigfht, translator and politician