Cattaneo is an Italian surname. Notable people with the surname include:
Adelardo Cattaneo, (?–1225), cardinal
Bartolomeo Cattaneo (1883–1949), Italian aviation pioneer
Carlo Cattaneo (writer) (1801–1869), Italian nationalist, writer and philosopher
Carlo Cattaneo (admiral) (1883–1941), Italian admiral
Carlo Cattaneo (mathematician) (1911–1979), Italian mathematician
Carlo Cattaneo (painter) (1930–2009), Italian painter
Danese Cattaneo (1512–1572), Tuscan sculptor and medallist
Francesco Costanzo Cattaneo (1602–1665), painter from Ferrara
Hernán Cattáneo (1965– ), Argentinian musician
Lazzaro Cattaneo (1560–1640), Italian Jesuit, missionary in China
Leonardo Cattaneo della Volta (1487– 16th century), a doge of Genoa
Peter Cattaneo (1964– ), British film director
Santo Cattaneo (1739–1819), Neoclassic painter from Brescia
Simonetta Cattaneo Vespucci (1453–1476), noblewoman from Genoa.
Gualdo Cattaneo is a small Italian town in Umbria.
Carlo Cattaneo University is an Italian university.