Caro is a surname. Notable people with the surname include:
Abraham ben Raphael Caro, Turkish rabbiAnnibale Caro, Italian poetAnthony Caro (1924–2013)), British sculptorDavid Caro, German pedagogueElme Marie Caro, French philosopherHeinrich Caro, German industrial chemist, inventor of the Caro's acid (peroxymonosulfuric acid)Horatio Caro, British chess playerIsaac ben Joseph Caro, Spanish rabbiIsabelle Caro, French actressJane Caro, Australian commentator, author and academicJosé María Caro Martínez, Chilean politician, first Mayor of PichilemuJosé María Caro Rodríguez, Chilean Cardinal of the Roman Catholic ChurchJoseph Chayyim ben Isaac Selig Caro, Polish rabbiJulio de Caro, Argentine tango musicianMarc Caro, French filmmakerMike Caro, American professional poker player and instructorNiki Caro, film director, producer and screenwriterNikodem Caro, industrial chemist, co-inventor of the Frank-Caro process to produce calcium cyanamideNydia Caro, Puerto Rican singer and actressOmari Caro (born 1991), Jamaican–English rugby playerRobert Caro, American biographerYossef Caro (1488–1575), rabbi, talmid chacham and author of the Shulchan Aruch