Caplan is a surname. Notable people with the surname include:
Amanita Caplan, Sense8 character
Arthur Caplan, American bioethicist
Bryan Caplan (born 1971), American economist
David Caplan (born 1964), Canadian politician
Elinor Caplan (born 1944), Canadian politician
Frank Caplan (1911-1988), American toymaker
Gerald Caplan (born 1938), Canadian political academic
Irwin Caplan (1919-2007), American cartoonist
Lizzy Caplan (born 1982), American actress
Ralph Caplan (born 1925), American design consultant
Twink Caplan, American actress
Wilfred Caplan, Canadian politician
