Cantarini is an Italian surname. Notable people with the surname include:
Giorgio Cantarini (born 1992), Italian actor
Isaac Chayyim Cantarini (a.k.a. Isaacus Viva; 1644–1723), Italian poet, writer and physician
Judah ben Samuel ha-Kohen Cantarini (ca. 1650 – 1694), Italian physician and rabbi
Simone Cantarini (a.k.a. Simone da Pesaro; 1612–1648), Italian painter and etcher
Chayyim Moses ben Isaiah Azriel Cantarini, Italian physician, rabbi, poet, and writer