Braine is a surname. Notable people with the surname include:
Raymond Braine (1907–1978), Belgian footballer
Pierre Braine (1900–1951), Belgian footballer
Bernard Braine (1914–2000), British politician
John Braine (1922–1986), English novelist
David Braine (philosopher) (born 1940), American philosopher
David Braine (athletic director) (born 1943), former athletic director
Richard Braine (born 1956), British act
Daniel L. Braine (1829–1898), American naval admiral
Jehan de Braine (c. 1200 – 1240), Count of Macon and Vienne
Robert Braine (1896–1940), American composer
