Boughton is a surname. Notable people with the surname include:
Alice Boughton (1866–1943), American photographerClive Boughton (born 1956), Australian computer scientistGeorge H. Boughton (1792–1866), American politicianGeorge Henry Boughton (1833–1905), Anglo-American painterJoy Boughton (1913–1963), English oboist and music professorNapoleon Boughton, Commander of the USS Gladiolus during the American Civil WarRutland Boughton (1878–1960), English composerWilliam Boughton, English conductor