Boughton is a surname. Notable people with the surname include:
Alice Boughton (1866–1943), American photographer
Clive Boughton (born 1956), Australian computer scientist
George H. Boughton (1792–1866), American politician
George Henry Boughton (1833–1905), Anglo-American painter
Joy Boughton (1913–1963), English oboist and music professor
Napoleon Boughton, Commander of the USS Gladiolus during the American Civil War
Rutland Boughton (1878–1960), English composer
William Boughton, English conductor
