Bignon is a surname. Notable people with the surname include:
Armand-Jérôme Bignon (1711–1772), French lawyer, royal librarian and conseiller d'État
Jean-Paul Bignon, (1662–1743), French ecclesiastic, statesman, writer, preacher, and librarian to Louis XIV of France
Jérôme Bignon (1589–1656), French lawyer born in Paris
Jérôme Bignon (politician) (born 1949), member of the National Assembly of France
Louis Bignon (1816–1906), famous French chef whose Café Riche became the most fashionable in Paris
Louis Pierre Édouard, Baron Bignon (1771–1841), French diplomat and historian
Alexandre Bignon (1986-), French immunologist