Bethesda, Abercwmboi is a Welsh Baptist church in Abercwmboi near Aberdare. The origins of the cause date back to 1854 when a small group of members from Gwawr, Aberaman began to hold prayer meetings in the locality.
In 1860 two houses in Jenkin Street were purchased and converted into a chapel. Four years later a new chapel was built with seating for 600. The building was extensively renovated in 1938 and 1950.
It is now one of the few remaining Welsh Baptist churches in the locality. The chapel is built in the Classical style with two storeys, a gable entry plan and a hall/ Sunday school/ vestry is located behind the main building. Bethesda is now Grade 2 listed for its handsome classical facade, unaltered interior with original furishings and unusual panelled ceiling.
Some members from Calfaria, Aberdare joined Bethesda when their own chapel closed due to low membership in recent years.