Bayly is a surname. Notable people with the surname include:
Charles Bayly (17th century), the first overseas governor of the Hudson's Bay Company
Christopher Alan Bayly (1945-2015), British historian
Jaime Bayly (born 1965), Peruvian journalist and writer
Joseph T. Bayly (1920-1986), American author and publishing executive
Lewis Bayly (died 1631), an English author and Anglican bishop
Sir Lewis Bayly (1857-1938), a British admiral
Lorraine Bayly (born 1937), Australian actress
Maurice Beddow Bayly (died 1962), English physician, anti-vivisection activist, and anti-vaccination campaigner
Robert Bayly (born 1988), Irish footballer
Thomas Bayly (Maryland) (1775-1829), Maryland congressman
Thomas H. Bayly (1810-1856), Virginia congressman
Thomas Haynes Bayly (1797-1839), English poet, songwriter and dramatist
Thomas M. Bayly (1775-1834), Virginia congressman
William Bayly (1737–1810). English astronomer
W. R. Bayly (1867–1937) headmaster of Geelong College, Victoria, and Prince Alfred College, South Australia
Zachary Bayly (1841-1916), South African colonial military commander
