Baylor is a surname. Notable people with the surname include:
Don Baylor (born 1949), American Major League Baseball player, coach and managerElgin Baylor (born 1934), American NBA playerGeorge Baylor (1752–1784), American soldier during the American Revolutionary WarGracia Baylor, Australian politicianHenry Weidner Baylor (1818–1854), American surgeon in the Texas Rangers during the Mexican–American WarJohn Baylor (1822–1894), officer of the Confederate States of America during the American Civil WarRobert Emmett Bledsoe Baylor (1793–1874), American politician, judge, and founder of Baylor University