Baranowski (feminine Baranowska, plural Baranowscy) is a Polish surname; Lithuanised as Baranauskas and frequently transliterated from Russian as Baranovsky (feminine Baranovskaya). Notable people with the surname include:
Agnieszka Baranowska (1819–1890), Polish playwright and poet
Antanas Baranauskas (1835–1902), Lithuanian poet
Dariusz Baranowski (born 1972), Polish cyclist
Dmytro Baranovskyy (born 1979), Ukrainian long-distance runner
Gabriel Baranovskii (1860–1920), also Gavriil (Baranovski, Baranowski) Russian architect, civil engineer, publisher and art historian
Henryk Baranowski (1943–2013), Polish theatre director and actor
Katarzyna Baranowska (born 1987), Polish Olympic swimmer
Kinga Baranowska (born 1975), Polish mountaineer
Krzysztof Baranowski, Polish yachtsman, sailing captain, journalist and teacher
Matthias Baranowski (born 1967), German footballer
Mikhail Tugan-Baranovsky (1865–1919), Ukrainian economist
Petr Baranovsky (1892–1984) Russian architect and restorator
Stanisław Baranowski, Polish glaciologist
Tadeusz Baranowski (artist) (born 1954), Polish comic book artist
Tatiana Baranovskaya (born 1987), Russian acrobatic gymnast
Tekla Bądarzewska-Baranowska (1829–1861), Polish composer
Wojciech II Baranowski, 17th century Archbishop of Gniezno and Primate of Poland
