Baranowski (feminine Baranowska, plural Baranowscy) is a Polish surname; Lithuanised as Baranauskas and frequently transliterated from Russian as Baranovsky (feminine Baranovskaya). Notable people with the surname include:
Agnieszka Baranowska (1819–1890), Polish playwright and poetAntanas Baranauskas (1835–1902), Lithuanian poetDariusz Baranowski (born 1972), Polish cyclistDmytro Baranovskyy (born 1979), Ukrainian long-distance runnerGabriel Baranovskii (1860–1920), also Gavriil (Baranovski, Baranowski) Russian architect, civil engineer, publisher and art historianHenryk Baranowski (1943–2013), Polish theatre director and actorKatarzyna Baranowska (born 1987), Polish Olympic swimmerKinga Baranowska (born 1975), Polish mountaineerKrzysztof Baranowski, Polish yachtsman, sailing captain, journalist and teacherMatthias Baranowski (born 1967), German footballerMikhail Tugan-Baranovsky (1865–1919), Ukrainian economistPetr Baranovsky (1892–1984) Russian architect and restoratorStanisław Baranowski, Polish glaciologistTadeusz Baranowski (artist) (born 1954), Polish comic book artistTatiana Baranovskaya (born 1987), Russian acrobatic gymnastTekla Bądarzewska-Baranowska (1829–1861), Polish composerWojciech II Baranowski, 17th century Archbishop of Gniezno and Primate of Poland