Bandaranaike or Bandaranayake is a Sinhalese surname. Notable people with the surname include:
Anura Bandaranaike (1949–2008), Sri Lankan politician
Chandrika Bandaranaike Kumaratunga (born 1945), Sri Lankan politician
Dharmasiri Bandaranayake (born 1949), Sri Lankan film director and playwright
Felix Dias Bandaranaike (1930–1985), Ceylonese politician
Felix Reginald Dias Bandaranaike I (1861–1947), Ceylonese lawyer and judge
Felix Reginald Dias Bandaranaike II (1891–1951), Ceylonese lawyer and judge
Harry Dias Bandaranaike (1822–1901), Ceylonese lawyer and judge
Indika Bandaranayake (born 1972), Sri Lankan politician
Nalin Bandaranayake, Sri Lankan cricketer
Pandu Bandaranaike (born 1962), Sri Lankan politician
S. W. R. D. Bandaranaike (1899–1959), Ceylonese politician
Shirani Bandaranayake (born 1958), Sri Lankan academic and judge
Sirimavo Bandaranaike (1916–2000), Sri Lankan politician
Solomon Dias Bandaranaike (1862–1946), Ceylonese headmen
Sunethra Bandaranaike, Sri Lankan philanthropist and socialite