Backer is a surname. Notable people with the surname include:
Agathe Backer-Grøndahl (1847–1907), Norwegian pianist and composer
Augustin de Backer (1809–1873), Roman Catholic bibliographer
Brad Backer, Australian rugby league footballer
Brian Backer (born 1956), American actor
Cornelis Andries Backer (1874–1963), Dutch botanist
Harriet Backer (1845–1932), Norwegian painter
Jacob de Backer (c. 1555 – c. 1585), Flemish Mannerist painter and draughtsman
Jacob Adriaensz Backer (1609–1651), Dutch painter
Lars Backer (1892–1930), Norwegian architect
P. A. Backer (1940–1993), Malayalam film directors