Böttger or Boettger is a German surname. Notable people with the surname include:
Adolf Böttger (1815–1870), German translator and poet
Caesar Rudolf Boettger (1888–1976), German malacologist
Fritz Böttger (1902–1981), German actor and director
Johann Friedrich Böttger (1682–1719), German alchemist
Nancy Boettger (born 1943), Iowa Republican State Senator
Matthias Böttger (born 1974), German architect and curator
Oskar Boettger (1844–1910), German zoologist
Rudolf Christian Böttger (1806–1881), German chemist
Thomas Böttger (born 1957), German composer and pianist
