Azéma is a French surname. Notable people with the surname include:
Agénor Azéma de Montgravier (1805–1863), French archaeologistAnne Azéma, French-born soprano and artistic director of the Boston CamerataÉtienne Azéma (1776–1851), French poet, playwright, and writer of fablesGeorges Azéma (1821-1864), French historian from RéunionHenri Azéma (1861-1932), physician, journalist, and author from RéunionJean-Baptiste Azéma (17th century-1745) colonial governor of RéunionJean-Henri Azéma (1913–2000), French poet, father of Jean-Pierre AzémaJean-Pierre Azéma (born 1937), French historianLéon Azéma (1888–1978), French architect, employed as "Architect of the City of Paris"Mazaé Azéma (1823–1886), French politician and doctor, recipient of the Légion d'honneurSabine Azéma (born 1949), French movie actress and film director