Astruc is a surname. Notable people with the surname include:
Abba Mari (13th century), French rabbi who took the name Astruc
Alexandre Astruc (1923–2016), French film critic and director
Didier Astruc, French chemist
Gabriel Astruc (1864–1938), French theatrical impresario
Jean Astruc (1684–1766), French medical professor
Zacharie Astruc (1835–1907), French sculptor, painter and author