Aslanov is a surname. Notable people with the surname include:
Aslan Aslanov (born 1951), Azerbaijani journalist
Fuad Aslanov (born 1976), Azerbaijani boxer
Hazi Aslanov (1910-1945), Azerbaijani Major-General of the Soviet armoured troops during World War II
Nikola Aslanov (1875-1905), Bulgarian revolutionary
Vougar Aslanov (born 1964), Azerbaijani journalist