Arnošt or Arnost is a given name. Notable people with the name include:
Arnost, medieval Bishop of Rochester
Inocenc Arnošt Bláha (1879–1960), prominent Czech sociologist and philosopher
Arnost Zvi Ehrman (1914–1976), Czech Jewish Orthodox rabbi
Arnošt Klimčík (born 1945), Czechoslovak handball player
Arnošt Kreuz, Czech football forward who played for Czechoslovakia in the 1938 FIFA World Cup
Arnošt Lustig, Czech Jewish author of novels, short stories, plays and screenplays whose works have often involved the Holocaust
Arnošt of Pardubice (1297–1364), the first Archbishop of Prague
Jan Arnošt Smoler (1816–1884), Sorbian philologist and writer
