Antonov (masculine) or Antonova (feminine) is a Russian surname. Notable people with the surname include:
Aleksandr Antonov (disambiguation), several people
Aleksandra Antonova (born 1980), Russian hurdler
Aleksei Antonov (1896–1962), a Soviet Army general
Alexandra Antonova (born 1991), Russian water polo player
Anastasia Oberstolz-Antonova (born 1981), Soviet/Russian-born, Italian luger
Andrey Antonov (disambiguation), several people
Anna Antonova (born 1965), former competitive figure skater for the Soviet Union
Diana Antonova (born 1993), Russian water polo player
Dmytro Antonov (born 1996), Ukrainian footballer
Elena Antonova (skier) (born 1971), Kazak cross-country skier who has competed since 1994
Irina Antonova (born 1922), the Director of the Pushkin Museum of Fine Arts in Moscow for 52 years, from 1961 to 2013
Ksenia Antonova (born 1990), Russian former ice dancer
Natalya Antonova, Russian pianist and an educator at the Eastman School of Music
Oleg Konstantinovich Antonov (1906–1984), a Soviet aircraft designer and industrial manager
Olena Antonova (born 1972), Ukrainian former discus thrower
Olga Antonova (born 1960), Soviet sprint athlete
Sergei Antonov (1948–2007), a Bulgarian accused of involvement in attempt by Mehmet Ali Ağca to kill Pope John Paul II
Svetlana Antonova (born 1979), Russian actress
Vladimir Aleksandrovich Antonov (born 1975), Russian banker and entrepreneur
Vladimir Antonov-Ovseyenko (1883–1939), a Soviet statesman and party figure
Yelena Antonova (cyclist), former road cyclist from Kazakhstan
Yelena Antonova (rower) (born 1952), rower from the Soviet Union
Yelena Antonova (synchronized swimmer) (born 1974), Russian Synchro-swimmer
Yuri Antonov (musician)
Yuri Antonov (disambiguation)
