Ancona is a surname. Notable people with the surname include:
Eligio Ancona del Castillo (1835–1893), Mexican lawyer, author and state governor
Frank Ancona (d. 2017), American Ku Klux Klan imperial wizard
George Ancona (born 1929), American photo essayist, author and illustrator of children's books
Mario Ancona (1860–1931), Italian singer
Ronni Ancona (born 1968), British actress and impressionist
Solange Ancona (born 1943), French composer