Allston is a surname. Notable people with the surname include:
Aaron Allston (1960–2014), American game designer and writer
Johanna Allston (born 1986), Australian orienteer
Robert Francis Withers Allston (1801–1864), Governor of South Carolina
Washington Allston (1779–1843), American poet and influential painter
Charles Allston Collins (1828–1873), British painter and writer