Alexandre Le Riche de La Poupeliniere

Alexandre Jean Joseph Le Riche de La Poupeliniere, sometimes also written Popeliniere ou Poupeliniere (Paris, 1693 – 5 December 1762) was an immensely wealthy fermier general, the only son of his father, Alexandre Le Riche (1663-1735), seigneur of Courgains, (Anjou) and Bretignolles (Touraine), likewise a fermier general. Besides his post as tax farmer, he was mainly one of the greatest patrons of music and musicians of the eighteenth century. A true patron of the Enlightenment he gathered round him a circle of artists, men of letters and musicians. He kept a private orchestra, “the best that was known in those days”, according to Jean-Francois Marmontel (“… le meilleur concert de musique qui fut connu dans ce temps-la.”), which was led for twenty-two years by Jean-Philippe Rameau, who was succeeded by Johann Stamitz and then by Francois-Joseph Gossec. The best Italian musicians, violinists, singers, were lodged with him and fed at his table, and all, according to Marmontel, were inspired to shine competitively in his salon. Voltaire was obliged to his generosity, and Maurice Quentin de La Tour and Carle van Loo both painted his portrait. Marmontel recalled later, “Never did a bourgeois live in more princely style, and the princes came to enjoy his pleasures.” (“Jamais bourgeois n'a mieux vecu en prince, et les princes venaient jouir de ses plaisirs.”)

Separated from his wife, La Poupeliniere established himself luxuriously at Passy, a fashionable suburb west of Paris. The best singers from the Opera and the most beautiful dancers embellished his suppers. In his private theatre he mounted his own comedies, one of them being Daira (1760); Marmontel found them mediocre, but expressed with such taste and so well written that it was not excessive flattery to applaud them. He also published a Journal de voyage en Hollande (1731) and Tableaux et mœurs du temps dans les differents ages de la vie, which was published together with L'Histoire de Zairette in 1750.

Rameau met most of his librettists at the hotel de La Poupeliniere at Passy and his operas were composed in the house. He died at Passy, aged 69. In the following year, composer Francois-Joseph Gossec was obliged to appear in court to obtain restitution of some of his own scores, which had been in La Poupeliniere's possession when he died.