Adamov (Russian: Ада́мов; masculine) or Adamova (Ада́мова; feminine) is a Slavic surname. Variants of this surname include Adam (Ада́м), Adamenko (Ада́менко), Adamenya (Адаме́ня), Adamets (Адаме́ц), Adamik (Ада́мик), Adamishin/Adamishina (Адами́шин/Адами́шина), Adamkovich (Адамко́вич), Adamovich (Адамо́вич), Adamushkin/Adamushkina (Ада́мушкин/Ада́мушкина), Adamchik (Ада́мчик), Adamchuk (Адамчу́к), Adamyshev/Adamysheva (Ада́мышев/Ада́мышева), Adamyuk (Адамю́к), Adanin/Adanina (Ада́нин/Ада́нина), and Adankin/Adankina (Ада́нькин/Ада́нькина).
There are two theories as to the origins of these last names. According to the most commonly accepted one, they derive from various forms of the Christian masculine given name Adam, which was common in the Ukrainian and Belarusian languages. Forms "Adam" and "Adamovich" of this surname are the same as in the Polish language.
Another theory postulates that at least some of these surnames derive from the nicknames which trace their roots to the dialectal word "адам" (adam), meaning a very tall man.